Cat Allergies at Willowbrook Veterinary Hospital
Cat Allergies: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
If your cat is scratching excessively, sneezing frequently, or developing skin issues, allergies might be the cause. Just like humans, cats can have allergic reactions to food, environmental triggers, and even other animals. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatments for cat allergies can help you keep your feline friend comfortable and healthy.
Common Signs and Symptoms of Cat Allergies
Cats with allergies can show a variety of symptoms, including:
- Skin irritation – excessive itching, redness, sores, or hair loss
- Respiratory issues – sneezing, coughing, wheezing, or nasal discharge
- Digestive problems – vomiting, diarrhea, or frequent bowel issues
- Ear infections – recurring ear infections or excessive head shaking
- Watery or irritated eyes – excessive tearing or redness
How Allergies Affect Your Cat’s Health
Untreated allergies can lead to chronic discomfort and serious health issues, including:
- Secondary infections – inflamed or broken skin can become infected
- Chronic respiratory distress – ongoing sneezing, coughing, or congestion
- Weight loss or malnutrition – if food allergies cause poor digestion
Common Allergens That Affect Cats
Cats can be allergic to a variety of substances, including:
1. Food Allergies. Some cats develop sensitivities to specific ingredients in their diet, such as:
- Chicken
- Beef
- Dairy
- Fish
- Grains (less common)
2. Fleas and Other Insects.
- Flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) is one of the most common allergies in cats. Even a single flea bite can trigger an intense reaction.
3. Environmental Allergies. Cats can be allergic to airborne or household allergens like:
- Pollen (from trees, grass, or flowers)
- Dust mites
- Mold spores
- Household cleaning products
How to Determine If Your Cat Has Allergies
If your cat is showing signs of allergies, follow these steps to identify the cause:
- Monitor symptoms – Take note of when and how symptoms appear.
- Try elimination diets – Remove certain foods and see if symptoms improve.
- Control the environment – Change bedding, use air purifiers, and clean frequently to reduce allergens.
- Check for fleas – Even if you don’t see fleas, use flea prevention to rule them out.
Diagnosing Cat Allergies: Tests & Methods
Veterinarians use several methods to diagnose allergies in cats:
- Thorough history taking and consultation – The type, timing, and severity of symptoms can help determine what your cat may be allergic to
- Elimination diet trials – The best way to diagnose food allergies by feeding a limited-ingredient diet.
- Flea allergy tests – A vet may look for signs of flea bites or flea dirt.
- Skin or blood allergy tests – Used for environmental allergens but less reliable for food allergies.
Food Allergies vs. Environmental Allergies
- Food allergies cause digestive upset or skin problems and can only be diagnosed through a diet trial.
- Environmental allergies are seasonal or persistent, affecting skin, respiratory health, and overall comfort.
Treatment Options for Cat Allergies
Medications for Allergies
- Antihistamines – May help with mild allergies but are not always effective.
- Steroids – Used for severe allergic reactions but should be monitored for side effects.
- Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots) – Helps some cats build tolerance to allergens over time.
- Flea control – The best way to prevent flea allergies.
Are Over-the-Counter Medications Safe?
Some antihistamines (like diphenhydramine) may be used under veterinary guidance, but never give human medications without consulting a vet.
Are Cat Allergies Curable?
While allergies in cats can often be managed, they are usually a lifelong condition. However, with proper care, most cats live comfortably despite their allergies.
Can Cat Allergies Lead to Other Health Issues?
Yes, untreated allergies can result in:
- Chronic infections (skin and ears)
- Severe inflammation
- Behavioral changes due to discomfort
Natural Ways to Manage Cat Allergies
Home & Environmental Changes
- Use an air purifier to reduce dust and pollen.
- Wash bedding and toys frequently.
- Vacuum with a HEPA filter to control dander and dust mites.
Dietary Adjustments for Food Allergies
- Switch to a novel protein diet (e.g., rabbit, venison, or duck).
- Consider hydrolyzed protein diets, which break down proteins to prevent allergic reactions.
Holistic & Natural Treatments
- Omega-3 fatty acids can reduce inflammation.
- Probiotics can improve gut health and immune function.
Can Cats Be Allergic to Other Animals?
Yes, some cats are sensitive to dander from dogs or other pets. Frequent grooming and cleaning can help minimize exposure.
Can Allergies in Cats Be Prevented?
While some allergies are genetic, you can help reduce risks by:
- Keeping up with flea prevention
- Feeding a high-quality, limited-ingredient diet
- Reducing household allergens
What to Do If Your Cat Has a Severe Allergic Reaction
Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) require immediate veterinary care. Signs include:
- Swelling of the face or throat
- Difficulty breathing
- Extreme lethargy or collapse
If you have questions, we would love to answer them for you. Please give us a call at the office at (503) 968-2911, or you can email us at [email protected]. Our staff would love to talk with you!